Crime e loucura, uma introdução ao cânone por meio dos narradores nos universos de Poe e Machado: uma proposta de ampliação de repertório e letramento literário

Abstract

This paper is connected to the Project “Pedagogical interventions in literature teaching: relations among literary adaptations” carried out in the program Mestrado Profissional em Letras in the Federal University of Juiz de Fora. It aims to reflect about literature teaching in the final years of basic school in Brazilian public schools and also propose a pedagogical intervention to be applied in an environment of almost total lack of literary activities in this phase of our educational system. Through the study of canonical authors and adaptations to cartoons and television we seek to achieve the improvement of literary literacy and widening of repertoire of students in the ninth grade of a public school in the city of Juiz de Fora. It also tackles the specificities of the unreliable narrator in first and third persons. The works which were studied in this paper were Tell Tale Heart by Edgar Alan Poe, The Alienist by Machado de Assis and two adaptations of The nurse by Machado de Assis. Our theoritical support were the concepts of literary literacy (Cosson, 2016; Paulino e Cosson, 2009), literary canon and the right to literature (Calvino, 2007; Paulino, 2004; Cândido, 2004), polysystem theory (Even-Zohar, 2013), communities and circles of readers (Colomer, 2007; Cosson, 2017), text repertoire and widening of repertoire (Iser, 1996), adaptation (Hutcheon, 2013), short-story (Moisés, 1970) and reliable and unreliable narrator (Booth, 1983). The methodology used was research-action (Thiolent, 1983). The strategy we used while carrying out our intervention was supervised reading, which proved to be the most adequate for beginners. At the end of the process it was possible to notice a considerable advance in the process of literary literacy and widening of repertoire of the pupils involved concerning the identification of the type of narrator.