Séries de animação brasileiras: expressão e gênero em O Show da Luna, Meu AmigãoZão, e Irmão do Jorel

Abstract

The debate over the different expressions of gender has gained momentum in recent years and has come to the fore. The cinematographic industry has been the target of harassment denunciations and has been constantly evaluated in relation to the representation and representativeness of genre in its productions. In contrast, non-sexist audiovisuals have emerged, including in animation. In 2017 was celebrated the centenary of the realization of the first Brazilian animation, which has only recently been structuring itself as an industry in the country. The present work analyzes, from feminist theories and the New Psychoanalysis, how the gender expression of the characters of national children's cartoon series (products of the current national animation growth phase) is constructed, being they Show da Luna!, Meu AmigãoZão, and Irmão do Jorel. During childhood, when children are developing their values, it is common for institutions such as school, family, and the media to sometimes divide the world between "girlish things and boyish things", which creates a wall almost insurmountable between them. Determining gender according to socially imposed standards also marginalizes a diversity that exists beyond biological sex. From the creation of a methodological matrix based on the Film Analysis and the Bechdel Test, Russo Test and CM Test, and interviews with Kiko Mistrorigo, Andrés Lieban and Juliano Enrico, creators of the series analyzed, it is concluded that, even if Show da Luna!, Meu AmigãoZão, and Irmão do Jorel are concerned with promoting "gender equality" and presenting initiatives in this sense, in their narratives there is still the reproduction of some stereotypes about the "feminine" and the "masculine".