Educar sobre o estupro, educar sobre a diferença: a redefinição do estupro e a reivindicação de não violência na apropriação e construção do conceito de cultura do estupro

Abstract

The concept of rape culture is attributed to the American feminists of the 1960s and 1970s in the context of the anti-rape movement in the United States for the analysis of the naturalization of sexual violence against women in (re) production myths and stereotypes that tend to blame the victim and protect the perpetrators. The research shares the argument that the term comes into evidence in Brazil through mobilizations of feminist cyber-feminism, also known as feminism 2.0, after the repercussion of a case of collective rape, involving a 16-year-old girl and 33 men in the Barão, West Zone of Rio de Janeiro, and treating the mobilization as a claim of non-violence. In this sense, the text of this dissertation unfolds in the repercussion of collective rape. Through a netnographic immersion, it was possible to observe discussions in feminist groups and follow pages on the social network Facebook From the pages, movements of appropriation and construction of the rape culture concept were mapped, contextualizing the conditions of the claim. Of the groups observed, six were selected, bringing together women affiliated to different feminist perspectives. In these groups the form "Feminism 2.0 and the circulation of the concept of culture of rape" was made available. The analyzes approach the poststructuralist theoretical perspective, seeking to explore alternative ways of thinking, speaking and remodeling the research methodologies so that they do not constitute tools of social reproduction, but that contribute to problematize and to break with hegemonic discourses underpin the hierarchy of differences . The concept of intersectionality is activated to think in an articulated way the different experiences of women, sometimes invisible, in the ritual of compulsory heterosexuality and racism, which involves the culture of rape. The contributions of the discourse of the feminist movements that question the norms producing the naturalization of sexual violence against women, suggest possibilities and perspectives of deconstruction of the rape culture. The study emphasizes the urgency of considering the analysis of rape culture, starting from an intersectional look, at breaking with the universalization of the gender category, in the attention to differences in the experiences of women. In this sense, it is also worth defending the expansion and encouragement of the gender debate in schools, which is intrinsic to the debate of confronting the culture of rape, which has undergone institutionalized distortions and attacks, engaged in what is called the fight of gender ideology.