Processo eletrônico nacional: um estudo sobre transição de paradigmas na Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora

Abstract

For decades, much due to the need of control and formalization of its acts, the public administration used the instrument of the paper as a management tool. Over the years, this practice has acquired cultural status, making the stamps, the stacks of documents, and the bookshelves packed with file boxes become not only instruments of work, but icons of representation of the public service. As from the 1990s, technology and microinformatics get in process of diffusion and popularization. Gradually, the Internet, the microcomputers, the GPS, the LCD TVs, the streaming, the cryptocurrencies (...) and, of course, the smartphones and their wide range of applications begin to break paradigms, gain space in the lives of citizens. Over time, all this offer of technology begins to knock on the door of the public service, making, gradually, the cultural convictions, consolidated by time and by tradition, begin to give space to the virtualization of procedures and to the acceptance that this practice can bring numerous benefits to citizens, to the administration and to the environment. Recently, the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF) experienced such a condition. The Institution, which has great tradition in the use of paper as an administrative instrument, joined the partnership between the National Electronic Process (PEN) and the Electronic System of Information (SEI), opening a range of possibilities and challenges to its managers. Based on these findings, this research focused on the new way of creating and controlling documents and administrative processes in the Organization, exploring the favorable and unfavorable factors to the new paradigm, from the perspective of significant subjects to the process of change in question. The relevance of the research is due to the precepts of the Federal Constitution of 1988, which establishes in its article 37 that the public administration must obey the principles of legality, impersonality, morality, publicity and efficiency. The last two are in line with a public management capable of carrying out its activities in a more transparent and agile way, consuming less public resources. These principles are closely in harmony with the possibilities offered by the PEN-SEI partnership, making this case study of qualitative orientation feasible. The research took place within the scope of the Pro-Rectory of People Management (PROGEPE) of UFJF. The information collection took place through semi-structured interviews, documentary research and non-interventional participant observation. The data were treated as from the content analysis technique. The results of the study carried out in the PROGEPE revealed several significant elements to the context of the implantation of the PEN-SEI in that sector. These vectors contributed with the elaboration of a plan of action that aimed to reinforce the positive factors to the implementation and to present suggestions that may mitigate the obstacles to the referred process.