A escrita em línguas híbridas e a superação da tradição do silêncio dos sujeitos transfronteiriços: uma comparação entre a escrita literária em portunhol e em spanglish

Abstract

The present thesis was developed based on the inquiring of possible forms of identification for the subjects living the cross-border experience, not only because they inhabit the interstitial space of the border, but also because of their experience between languages and cultures of more than one country. Our attention is focused initially on the Uruguay / Brazil border, since we recognize that the process of colonization in northern Uruguay was based on the establishment of a Portuguese and maintenance - speaking population whose descendants were literate in the Spanish language at the same time as their language was preserved in domestic settings, which eventually determined the emergence of a hybrid language resulting from the contact between Portuguese and Spanish. Based on the sociolinguistic studies developed since the 1950s, we have been able to observe the permanence of the hybrid mother tongue that was combated and silenced during the successive linguistic policies adopted in Uruguay until its recent recognition as the second language of the country and the attempt to consider portunhol as an Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO. Our research points to literature written in portunhol as a way of legitimization of the hybrid language and, from the selection of a historical series of the literary portunhol, we opted for the analysis of the work of the Artiguense poet Fabian Severus to compare the procedures of literary writing in the linguistic mix . Based on the concept of bi (pluri) language, proposed by Walter Mignolo (2003), we consider that the experience in the linguistic fusion would be related to a lifestyle, so we proposed to put in dialogue, through a comparative perspective - a critical method specific to dialogue within Latin American literary and literary research - the literary writing in Portuguese with the Spanglish script written by the Chicana writer Gloria Anzaldúa to imply how the language relates directly to the modes identification of cross-border subjects. Finally, we discuss how linguistic policies have dealt with the fact that the national language is not always the mother tongue of a portion of the population.