O efeito agudo do pré-condicionamento isquêmico sobre a performance do Special Judo Fitness Test de atletas de alto rendimento

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the acute effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on the performance of the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) of high performance athletes. The sample was composed by 17 black belt, Brown belt and purple belt at the judo athletes (age = 21.35 ± 3.46 years, practice time = 8.94 ± 3.88 years, height = 173 ± 9 cm, body mass = 69.34 ± 10.94 kg, BMI = 23.10 ± 2.49 kg / m²,% GC = 18.75 ± 7.41) that were submitted to three sessions at 72 hour intervals. In the first session the volunteers signed the ICF, answered the PAR-Q, anthropometric evaluation, the familiarization of the SJFT and were clarified about the IPC. In the second and third sessions, two experimental protocols were performed in a randomized, crossover design: a) IPC (cycles 3 x 5 min ischemia at 220 mmHg / 5 min reperfusion at 0 mmHg) + SJFT and b) SHAM (20 mmHg) + SJFT. The interval between the experimental protocols and the SJFT was thirty minutes. Statistical tests of variance homogeneity and Student's t test were performed to verify possible differences between the IPC and SHAM groups in relation to the series (A), the series (B) and (C), to the total number of throws (A + B + C), the HR immediately and 1 minute after SJFT and SJFT index. For the evaluation of the level of significance, p ≤ 0.05 was adopted. The magnitude of the difference between IPC and SHAM conditions was assessed using the effect size (d Cohen's). The results indicate that the IPC performed a larger number of throws in the SJFT series (A) (p = 0.004, d = 0.50, moderate effect) compared to SHAM. When we analyzed the total number of throws (A + B + C) we found a significant difference between the IPC and SHAM groups (p = 0.001, d = 0.37, small effect). The SJFT index showed a significant difference between IPC and SHAM (p = 0.001, d = 0.50, moderate effect). The findings suggest that IPC improved the performance of high performance judo athletes, particularly due to the reduction of the SJFT index.