Associação da competência motora com fatores sociodemográficos e biológicos de crianças

Abstract

Motor competence (CM in Portuguese) can be defined as the skill level of skill in many varieties of motor tasks. Different variables have been associated with CM, such as: age, sex and nutritional status. However, the influence of other variables on CM acquisition, such as body fat and anthropometric measures, is still unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the association of CM with sociodemographic, biological and physical activity of children.This study was based on a cross-sectional study, in which 172 children of both genders, aged 6 to 10 years, were evaluated. These children are from a scholl called Escola Municipal João XXIII, located in the city of Tabuleiro / MG. The CM was evaluated by the Body Coordination Test for Children (KTK), height and weight were also evaluated for the calculation of Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (PC, abbreviation in Portuguese), for the calculation of Waist- stature (RCE, abbreviation in Portuguese). The percentage of body fat (% GC) was evaluated by bioimpedance examination, as well as fat mass and muscle mass. The size of the leg, foot length and wingspan were also evaluated. Bivariate and multivariate analyzes were performed. Multiple Correspondence Analyzes (ACM) and Multiple Linear Regression (RLM) were used to verify the association of CM with the investigated factors. Statistical analyzes were performed in the SPSS program, version 20.0, with null hypothesis rejection level of α = 5%. The mean CM of the children was 42.66 (± 10.97) points. The bivariate analyzes showed that CM had relationship with age (p <0.001),% GC (p: 0.006), waist-to-height ratio (RCE) (p <0.001), leg size (r: 0.316, p <0.001) (r: 0.404, p <0.001) and out-of-school physical activity (p: 0.007). The Multiple Correspondence Analysis (ACM) revealed a moderate association between the classification of CM with the highest age, the appropriate CG% and the practice of out-of-school physical activity (Cronbach's α of dimensions 1 and 2 were of a .4343 and .601, respectively). The final model of Multiple Linear Regression (RML) analysis found that the greater the age (β: 3.26, p <0.001) and wingspan (β: 0.224, p: 0.037), the highest was CM. Conversely, the higher the values of% GC (β: -0.80, p: 0.037) and waist circumference (β: -0.56, p: 0.01) the lower the CM score in KTK. It was concluded that CM evaluation showed a concomitant and independent association mainly with age, body size and body composition measurements, such as PC and body fat. This confirms that the practice of CM intervention, evaluation and classification of children should be planned in a multifactorial manner, involving actions that affect sociodemographic, biological and behavioral aspects.