Planejamento urbano e turismo no Estado Novo (1937-1945): reflexões a partir da cidade de Petrópolis (RJ)

Abstract

The main aim of this work was to understand and to critically discuss the genesis and evolution of tourism as anissue of territorial planning within the Brazilian public policies through a historical perspective. It was studied the different tools of planning which had the State as the main agent or the interlocutor and which set up the intersection between the categories of urban planning \ touristic development. As a time frame it was selected the period of the New State (1937-1945), from a certain empirical reality. In this case the city of Petrópolis. The study was conducted in two distinct stages, namely: literature search and desk research. From the analysis it was realized that the genesis of tourism public policies in Brazil comes from the New State. Such State actions were materialized through decisive territorial policies for the transformation of several Brazilian cities. During this period the city of Petropolis underwent significant urban reconfiguration aimed at tourism development where the dominant groups in power at the time relied on the significant State contribution, in its three spheres, played a set of tools and actions which were decisive in the consolidation of this reconfiguration in the following years. It was still identified that the State bureaucratic organization proposed for tourism as well as a series of actions developed for this sector possessed a deep influence of trends of totalitarian nationalist regimes of that time.