Efeitos de educação para a saúde e Hatha-Yoga em profissionais com sintomas osteomusculares

Abstract

Musculoskeletal and mental disorders are relevant in the illness of the worker and ergonomic interventions with educational activity and physical exercises a health promotion strategy. Complementary and integrative therapies possibility promotion of integrality and Yoga as a therapeutic alternative. The aim was to evaluate an intervention’s effects with the activity of health education and Hatha-Yoga sessions in professionals with musculoskeletal symptoms in a university hospital. Was develop an interventional research in an outpatient unit of Minas Gerais interior, with accessible population of 232 professionals, of whom 174 (75%) agreed participate. Were selected 125 professionals with musculoskeletal symptoms of intensity greater than or equal to 1, who did not practice Yoga. Was considered the region with the greatest intensity of pain. Participants were randomly distributed in the intervention group (IG, n=63) and control (CG, n=62) and answered questionnaires of sociodemographic and occupational health, Nordic, numerical scale, pain disability and perceived stress. With the GI has developed a program of 12 weeks, with the activity of health education and HathaYoga sessions. The CG did not undergo intervention. Soon after, the participants of both groups answered the questionnaires Nordic, numerical scale, pain disability and perceived stress. Were analyzed the variables for characterization and the region of pain of greater intensity from the data before the intervention and the variables "pain intensity", "pain disability" and "perceived stress" comparing, in each group, the data before and after the intervention and between groups, the data of the IG with the CG. Most were professionals close to half of the economically active life, female gender, training at tertiary level, working hours within the law, with just a job, employees with work permit, in assistance departments. The groups had no significant difference in relation to gender, employment relationship and department. The part lower back was the pain region more prevalent in both groups. The intensity of the pain, disability and stress before intervention were similar in other studies, but the IG presented higher values than the CG, with no significant difference in the disability. The average values observed after intervention demonstrate that both groups have improved over time, but only the intensity of the pain show a significant difference. The difference between the average observed at the beginning and end of the intervention between the groups shows that the intensity of the pain, disability and stress decreased more in IG than in CG, evidencing positive effects of intervention on the IG on all variables, although with significant differences only in functional and total disability. However, because it presents before the intervention more pain, disability and stress than the CG, obtained result by IG decrease the difference between the groups, but was not sufficient to allow the values presented at the end by the IG to exceed those of the CG. The results show that the intervention promoted improvement of pain intensity, disability and stress in the participants of the IG and indicate that similar programs can be explored in the promotion of occupational health.