A Questão socioambiental dos resíduos sólidos urbanos no Município de Paraíba do Sul/RJ e as Interfaces com a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos

Abstract

This work addresses the socio-environmental issue of municipal solid waste in the city of Paraíba do Sul / RJ, through interfaces with the National Solid Waste Policy, sanctioned by Federal Law 12.305, in August 2010. In order to understand the conjuncture inserted with the National Solid Waste Policy at the municipal level, an explanation was made of the national context, followed by the developments in the state of Rio de Janeiro, to reach the municipality of Paraíba do Sul. The municipalities are the main responsible for the implementation of the law, which this study aims to understand how the socio-environmental issue of solid urban waste has been delineated in the municipality and how it approaches the requirements established by the new legislation. For this, bibliographical surveys were carried out on the guiding concepts of the present research and the fundamental contexts, followed by a contextualization of the solid urban waste management and the unfolding of the National Solid Waste Policy from official data made available by the public state agencies. The empirical research was ordered through visits to the Secretariat of the Environment and Agrarian Development municipal and to the dump, being accompanied by semi-structured interviews and systematized observations. The results show how distant the city reality is in the face of the prerogatives required by Federal Law 12.305 / 10. The technical and financial difficulties pointed out by the public managers express the dislocations that cross the structuring of the PNRS. In the social aspect, the great challenges that the public agencies, in relation to the reorganization of the work of the collectors of recyclable materials, were observed, according to the legislation. However, there is a pressing need for a reorganization of the guidelines that govern Federal Law 12.305 / 10, in a way that is articulated and coherent with the different socio-environmental realities, since it is difficult for the municipality alone to comply with the dictates proclaimed by law. As long as the different instances of the Federation do not take their commitments efficiently, the PNRS will hardly become a national reality.