A constituição de grêmios estudantis nas escolas estaduais de ensino médio de Minas Gerais e seu lugar na gestão democrática

Abstract

The present dissertation, developed under the Program of Postgraduate Professional in Management and Evaluation of Public Education (PPGP) of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), had as its study focus the identification of obstacles to the constitution of the student groups, as a space for youth participation in the daily life of schools and strengthening democratic management, in the context of the Politics for Promotion of Student Participation of the Minas Gerais State Departament of Education, which, based on the Virada Educação Minas Gerais (VEM) Project, has as an objective to combat the school dropout of the population of Minas Gerais ages 15 to 17 years and bring the school closer to youth. As a research clipping, were selected two state schools in Belo Horizonte that present opposite situations releted to students participation and made possible the answer to the guiding question of this case, namely: what are the obstacles to the constitution of student groups in the public schools of Belo Horizonte in the context of educational politics to foster student participation that, among other objectives, aims at the democratization of school management? In the description of the case, the context of VEM elaboration and implementation was presented, data on High Schools education in Brazil and Minas Gerais and on School Units, especially in their particularities regarding the experience of participatory processes. Qualitative research was used to data-gathering of discussion forums with students and managers in WhatsApp groups - specifically created for this purpose -, a diagnostic questionnaire, bibliographic research and documentary analysis. The data of the field research were analyzed from concepts and discussions brought by Dayrell (2006, 2010, 2016); Dayrell, Carrano e Maia (2014); Lück (2009, 2010, 2012, 2013) and Paro (2010, 2016) and revealed a negative perception of youth by school managers - associated with hedonism, irresponsibility and immaturity - and a reductionist conception of participation – identified as a simple verbalization of opinions. Therefore, the proposed Educational Action Plan (EAP) seeks to broaden the spaces for participation of young students, adjectivizing them as subjects of the educational process, whose demands, opinions and perceptions are essential to strengthen democratic school management and suggests creation and implementation of the #VemPraJuventude Project that covers training and encouraging youth protagonism.