Gêneros textuais e telejornalismo: caminhos da produção escrita de matérias televisivas

Abstract

This work aims to characterize the television broadcast genre or VT, considering its socio-rhetorical and functional properties and willing to offer support for the development of teaching strategies on text production in news broadcasting. In this study, this category is described by articulating different theoretical perspectives. On the one hand, theories of text genres, in which these are treated as effective mediators in symbolic and intersubjective exchanges, with their typical settings resulting fundamentally from the dialogical nature of language and from the communicative purposes pursued in every circumstance in which the "relatively stable types" of statements apply. On the other hand, the conceptual and technical framework arising from the journalistic field, broadly, and in television journalism, in particular, through which the evolution of patterns of textualization in TV journalism is tracked aiming at understanding the reasons - institutional, organizational, media and marketing - around it. The same socio-rhetorical perspective that guides the approach, concerning theory, also provides the methodological choices. In the first part, a corpus containing texts of 88 VTs is analyzed in search of relevant recurrences to the organization, as well as the rhetorical modes, along with strategies and more habitual movements - research that allowed the development of models of subgeneric categories. In the second part, these models were submitted to consideration of professional users of the genre - on this stage, the investigation of the cultural aspects shared by the interested speech community was prioritized, relevant to establishing the identity and generic limits, beyond the tolerable transgressions. Then, two general subcategories were identified: the factual and the cold materials. These, for teaching purposes, are now treated as poles of a continuum, with the characteristics of the specimens of the television broadcast genre arising from pending to one or the other end. Therefore, the results showed the importance of a more intense approach between contemporary studies of textual practices and several activities that require an efficient and simultaneously innovative productivity.