Do impresso ao digital: os desafios da grande reportagem jornalística

Abstract

In the digital context, the large reportages begin to be built and disseminate over the internet, with multiple codes, being called Multimedia Large Reportage (MLR). The main goal is to research the difficulties that press media companies, which traditionally worked with printed newspaper, face regarding MLR planning, production and distribution. The thesis was structured based on Peirce’s Pragmatisms Methodology and, therefore, we propose three subhypothesis in accordance with his Phenomenological categories of Firstness, Secondness and Thirdness. When it comes to the first sub-hypothesis, there are the difficulties related to the inherent features of multicodes reportage, as language sophistication of programming, software, internet speed, lack of time for production and financial issues. The second one sets the difficulties of representing themes using the digital multiple codes. Ultimately, in the third one, we pose the difficulties related to the interpretative effects and the users’ media expertise, such as the understanding of a multicodes feature, and the interaction and browsing capacity. For the sub-hypothesis trial, we conducted interviews with reporters, photographers, editors, reportage leaders, designers and programmers from both Folha de S. Paulo and O Tempo newspapers who had joined the development of MLR and we applied questionnaires to the users who had shared posts or comments on the posts through Facebook, because of the articles and features previously mentioned. The results indicate that the software and the programming languages are easy of handling, which targets the internet speed, production’s lack of time and financial issues as the main obstacles. We realized that, as the involved professionals in the MLR development are originally from the print paper world, difficulties are experienced when it comes to producing features with several codes, which is partially overcome by the team’s effort and hard work. We even verified that there is no parameter for the codes utilization, thus, we chose the Matrices of Language and Thought Theory to ponder on how the languages generated through the hybridization of those matrices tend to represent their subjects. In conclusion, we noted that many of those codes arouse feelings and help the theme’s understanding. The interaction and browsing difficulties were not evidenced, and the users even navigate through the MLR their own way. They share the feature or leave comments on social media posts, although they do not use tools to modify the article, they do not know how it was developed, but they can perceive that the papers defend a specific point of view.