Avaliação reprodutiva de ratas superalimentadas na infância expostas a diferentes tipos de treinamento físico

Abstract

Statistical data of incidence and prevalence of Overweight/obesity have been growing over the years and this condition affects millions of people around the world, making it one of the great epidemics of the 21th century. Globalization and the increase in the availability of more palatable foods rich in saturated fat, added to the sedentary lifestyle, contribute directly to the development of this condition. Studies show that nutritional changes during critical stages of childhood development, such as lactation, are associated with the development of obesity, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory problems and diabetes. In addition, overweight/obesity can influence the reproductive function of the population causing fetal malformations, infertility, as well as maternal and fetal death. Considering physical exercise as a primary factor against overweight / obesity, we intend to evaluate whether physical exercise, in different intensities, is capable of influencing the reproductive health of overweight/obese individuals. Forty Wistar rats from normal litters (NL = 10) and small litters (SL = 4) were used and overweight/obesity was induced by litter reduction. The animals were trained for 8 weeks in protocols (Endurance and Hiit), mated at 90 days of age and euthanized on the 20th day of gestation. Metabolic, biochemical and reproductive datas were collected and analyzed. The animals of the overfeed groups trained Endurance and Hiit showed reduction with significant differences in body weight, consumption, insulin tolerance test and in some biochemical e reproductive parameters analyzed when compared to the control groups. However, there were no significant differences regarding nasoanal distance, relative organ weight, retroperitoneal and perigonadal fats, as well as oral glucose tolerance test, gestation index, implantation and fetal resorption in the studied groups. It was concluded that the physical training, in its different intensities, was not able to improve significantly the reproductive capacity of these animals, however, it was efficient to promote weight reduction, consumption, insulin sensitivity and certain biochemical parameters of supercharged animals during the phase. In addition, the Endurance exercise was more efficient in controlling the variables, described above, when compared to the Hiit exercise.