Ações educativas para promover o agir comunicativo na interface matemática e trânsito: pesquisa sobre a própria prática

Abstract

This work aims at discussing the investigation field and the key-question “What happens when teacher and students are working with actions on the theme Mathematic and Traffic guided by the Theory of the Communicative Action?”, the basis of all of this research. This work was implemented by adopting the research genre which involves the research through the effective practice, as it is its goal to investigate the author’s own teaching praxis. The qualitative approach was used both in its descriptive and its ethnicmethodological models which turned to be complementary in this specific research. For the pedagogical functions, the work focused in Habermas’s “Theory of Communicative Action” from which it selected the concepts of communicative action, speech, comprehension, strategic action, language, speech acts, validity pretensions, objective world, social world, subjective world, life world and systemic world to be the basis for structuring and building the didactic unit named Mathematic and Traffic. Thematic classes were used in this interface, foreseeing educative actions to stimulate in the students the communicative action in the social context of a classroom of a public school. The activities were implemented for classes with 28 students from the 3rd grade of Elementary School. The students were from 9 to 11 years old. For the research functions, the investigative work consisted of the analysis of the interventions to observe the possible configurations of the teaching structure. The data was collected in the classes video recording as well as in the observation process, the taking notes and in the nondirective actions, and in the students’ written production and oral manifestations. The transcriptions of the 13 classes, from the introduction to the evaluation, took 35 sets of 45 minutes of the school schedule. These sets were all analyzed as much as the descriptions of the 1st,2nd,3rd ad the 12th classes for the same purpose. The interpretations were guided by the data analysis and they showed the students’ stimulus to take part in the activities and their gradual evolution in the communicative action during the classes. This evolution was noted in the students’ interaction and in the connection between their speech acts, which pointed at the cognitive complementarities in agreeing or disagreeing with the presented arguments. The educative actions implemented in the didactic unit Mathematic and Traffic was the trigger for the communicative action and the interface work was the trigger to provoke the students’ ethical and social consciousness.