Análise ambiental do conflito de uso e cobertura da terra em áreas de preservação permanente na região administrativa oeste de Juiz de Fora - MG

Abstract

In 1970 data from the Demographic Census conducted by IBGE revealed for the first time that the Brazilian urban population had surpassed the rural population. This urban population growth revealed by the census data was spatially configured in a series of inadequate occupations and in many cases without any planning throughout Brazil. Many cities still show the reflexes of this neglect related to the process of expansion and continue to grow rapidly and sometimes occupy areas that are unsuitable for urban occupation. In Juiz de Fora, located in the southeast of Minas Gerais is no different. In the context of the changes that have occurred throughout its history, some regions in the last decades have stood out more in function of their growth than others. This is the case, for example, of the Western Administrative Region where a series of equipment and investments have been installed that make this region one of the main vectors of growth of the city and, therefore, as a region to be thought and studied in consequences of its rapid development. In this sense, the objective of this research was to carry out an analysis of land use and land cover in the Western Administrative Region for the years 1983, 2007 and 2014, seeking to identify in each year the conflicts between this use / coverage with the Permanent Preservation Areas (APP) provided for Article 4 of Law no. 12.651 / 12. The results show that 9.66 km² of the 44.45 km² of study area are representatives of APP, and that of this value, in the year 2014, only 29% were not in a conflicting situation. That is, many areas in the region are going against what is indicated in the legislation pertaining to the APP. With the lack of planning and monitoring, it is expected a worsening of these issues affecting environmental quality starkly across the region. Thus, it is expected that the present research can serve as a subsidy for a better Territorial Planning of the region with respect to the aspects provided in Art 4 of the new Forest Code.