As atividades práticas e experimentais no ensino de ciências da natureza no ensino médio em uma escola estadual do Amazonas

Abstract

The present dissertation was developed in the field of the Professional Master in Management and Evaluation of Education (PPGP) of the Center for Public Policies and Education Evaluation of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (CAEd / UFJF). The studied management case discussed as difficulties without use of practical and experimental activities without teaching of Natural Sciences, in High School of the State School Maria Calderaro, located in the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas. The research was delimited from the question: how many actions and management of the State School Maria Calderaro can adopt to encourage the use of practical and experimental practices that aid the teaching and learning of the Sciences of Nature in High School? The objectives defined for this study were: describe how the teachers, to practice practical and experiments of Sciences of the Nature in this school, articulate such activities with the contents of its classes; analyze the factors related to the difficulties of using experiences in class; and propose a plan of action that allows the improvement of diversified didactic approaches, especially, taking advantage of practical practices in a way that is relevant to the student, in favor of their scientific literacy. It was assumed as hypothesis that the lack of maintenance, as well as of continuous and systematic use may have contributed to some spaces and equipment as the science and computer labs arrive at the current state of obsolescence, hampering an accomplishment of practical activities. It was also considered that a teaching team has not been sufficiently articulated around projects that make better use of these resources. For the development of the research, considering the objectives, a qualitative exploratory research and as instruments, interviews and questionnaires were used as methodology. As the theoretical reflections were based on the importance of the practical and experimental practices without teaching of sciences and the conceptions on a nature of the science, from studies of Hodson (1988) and (1994), Giani (2010), Amaral (2014) Bassoli (2014), Silva (2016), Scheid, Persich and Krause (2000), Giordan (1999), Halmenschlager (2014). The Educational Action Plan resulting from this research proposes to restore the laboratory, promote collective planning and interdisciplinarity and in-service training actions. They are actions that need to have as a foundation the sense of collective participation under the leadership of a democratic administration.