Preparação, caracterização e avaliação de novos análogos da mitoxantrona com potenciais atividades biológicas

Abstract

The synthesis of anthraquinone derivatives have been the target of several research groups because they have several biological properties as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, antifungal, etc. In this work is described the synthesis of N-alkylated and O-alkylated anthraquinone derivatives with structures analogous to mitoxantrone bearing different carbon chains from 1,4-diaminoanthraquinone, 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone and 1,5diamino-4, 8-dihydroxyanthraquinone. Two series of compounds were obtained by Nalkylation reaction of 1,4-diaminoanthraquinone and two series by O-alkylation reaction of 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone with epichlorohydrin. The following steps consisted in the formation of epoxides via the intramolecular reaction of Williamson's ether and opening thereof using aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic amines. After purification and characterization of the compounds by available spectroscopic methods (1H, 13C NMR, COSY, HMQC and Infrared), the first series of N-alkylated anthraquinone derivatives was evaluated for their antibacterial and cytotoxic properties and, subsequently, the other compounds were also evaluated for their cytotoxic activities. In general, the structural modifications proposed in this set of molecules showed an increase in the antibacterial and cytotoxic activity for derivatives containing less lateral carbonic chain, an opposite result than expected for these molecules. In addition, the results for these compounds showed higher cytotoxic activity than mitoxantrone, however, they showed cytotoxicity for the normal cell tested.