Prevalência e fatores associados à Síndrome de Burnout nos profissionais da saúde da Atenção Primária de Juiz de Fora

Abstract

The world of work has undergone several changes resulting from capitalism and modernization, requiring flexibility worker. The inability to adapt to changes generates occupational stress, reflecting the physical and emotional toll on workers' health. The Burnout Syndrome (BS) is a specific type of occupational stress in which the worker is exposed to chronic labor stressors. It is characterized by emotional exhaustion dimensions (EE), depersonalization (DE) and low personal accomplishment (RP). Health professionals are likely to BS by dealing directly with people, suffering and death. The Primary Health Care (PHC) is the closest level of care in the community, exposing professionals to the realities and difficulties of this. However, there is a lack of studies of BS on PHC. Objective: to identify the prevalence of BS in professional Juiz de Fora from PHC and associated factors. Methods: cross-sectional study with a sample of 153 professionals of the APS. The dependent variable BS was measured by questionnaire MBI (Maslach Burnout Inventory). Results: the prevalence of BS was 0.7% according to criteria of Maslach and Jackson and 51% as Grunfeld et al. following criteria Grunfeld et al. The nursing team showed a higher prevalence of BS (56.6%) than the other professional categories. The self-assessment variables of poor health status (p <0.001) and job dissatisfaction (p <0.001) were associated with the BS. 13.1% and 0.7% had high levels and EE, respectively, and 48.4% low RP. Length of service, self-perceived health, social support and job satisfaction correlated significantly with the dimensions. Conclusion: work in APS has peculiarities revealing complex due to the proximity between professional and community, the assignment to care fully and continuously user, requiring the use of lightweight technologies, and commit priority to promote health and prevent disease. Added to these challenges, there is the devaluation of the primary care level and the lack of resources allocated to it. The APS constitutes an important locus to be studied in order to promote good working conditions in order to reduce the risk of developing burnout, protect the welfare of workers and ensure the production of quality care to society.