Caracterização imunológica da apirase de batata e indução de anticorpos IgE por epitopos compartilhados entre as SmATPDases de Schistosoma mansoni e a apirase de Solanum tuberosum

Abstract

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease that affects millions of people around the world. The lack of vaccine for this helminth disease prompts a search for antigenic molecules from the parasites of the genus Schistosoma. Among the molecules considered promising are an ATP diphosphohydrolase from Schistosoma mansoni. The parasite has two enzyme isoforms which are termed SmATPDases and are expressed in all as life cycle phases of this helminth. The potato apyrase is a plant protein belonging to the same family of parasite enzymes, shared epitopes with SmATPDase isoforms. Thus, the objective of this work was to perform an immunological characterization of potato apyrase in a model of experimental murine infection based on this protein homology. Plant protein was inoculated into C57BL / 6 mice that were infected with S. mansoni cercariae. Plant protein induced significant levels of IgG and IgG1 antibodies after immunization, which remained high for analysis 60 days after infection. The solenocytes culture of the immunized animals responded to the stimulus with a plant protein, inducing a significant production of IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-5, but not IL-13. The immunization process did not provide protection, being unable to promote a reduction of the parasitic load. The immunomodulatory effect of immunization was observed through a reduction of the area affected by the hepatic granulomatous reaction in the immunized animals. Concerning the binding of IgE antibodies, potato apyrase showed significant reactivity with these antibodies present in plasma samples from patients with schistosomiasis. In Western blotting assays, IgE antibodies were able to recognize three non-homogenized languages of adult helminth worms at 91, 63 and 55 kDa. It was possible to infer that all the bands revealed correspond to SmAPTDase isoforms with various post-translational processing, such as glycosylation and proteolysis. (C57BL / 6) with a plant protein capable of inducing a significant production of IgE antibodies detected in ELISA and Western blotting techniques. As potato apyrase has an identity with a mammalian NTPDase 1 (CD39), we suggest that patients have an antibody against the NTPDases involved in maintaining the body's homeostasis. The obtained data show that the potato harvest has an immunoregulatory profile in schistosomiasis, and may contribute to the reduction of morbidity, inducing a production of IgE antibodies, considered as protectors in schistosomiasis.