Células-tronco da polpa de dente decídua como um modelo in vitro para o estudo da Neurofibromatose Tipo 1: avaliação dos efeitos do resveratrol na proliferação e diferenciação osteogênica

Abstract

Resveratrol, a phytoalexin present in grapes and other plants and, due the therapeutic properties, such as anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective, has attracted attention of many researchers. The anticancer activity, or antiproliferative, contributes to a chemopreventive action and studies show that Resveratrol affects tumor cells. The mechanisms of the antitumor effect of Resveratrol are not fully understood, but apoptosis is observed for a variety of tumor cells treated with Resveratrol. The present research project had a general objective to validate the model for the study of human diseases using stem cells of deciduous pulp, especially for the disease Neurofibromatosis Type I, observing the effects of resveratrol on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of these cells. Concentrations of 5, 10, 25 and 50 μM Resveratrol were added to the culture media and after 3, 5 and 7 days, cell proliferation was assessed by the MTT technique. To evaluate the effects of Resveratrol on osteogenic differentiation, concentrations of 5, 10, 25 and 50 μM were supplemented in cell cultures for 21 days, and were subsequently stained with Alizarin Red for quantification of the mineralized areas by the spectrophotometer. It was observed that in the stem cells of healthy primary teeth, which were used as control, there was significant inhibition (p <0.05) at concentrations of 25 and 50 μM at day 7, while in NF1 cells there were inhibitions at concentrations of 10, 25 and 50 μM on day 5, and all concentrations tested on day 7 (p <0.05). According to a systematic review in this project, we observed that, depending on the cell type, healthy cells may exhibit both proliferation and inhibition, depending on the concentrations of Resveratrol. There is consensus among researchers regarding the antitumor property of Resveratrol, and our results with NF1 cells corroborate with others in the literature as a function of the tumor profile of these cells. In the mineralization part, Resveratrol presented better deposits of calcium (> 90%) for concentrations of 10 and 25 µM. Even affecting cell proliferation at these concentrations, we observed that Resveratrol contributes to cell mineralization and has therapeutic potential to control the growth of neurofibromas and improve bone condition in patients.