Solanaceae A. Juss. da Serra Negra, Rio Preto, Minas Gerais: tratamento taxonômico e similaridade florística

Abstract

Serra Negra is part of the Serra da Mantiqueira ridge, which is situated in the south of Zona da Mata region, Minas Gerais state, near the municipalities of Bom Jardim de Minas, Lima Duarte, Olaria, Rio Preto and Santa Bárbara do Monte Verde. Due to its importance for the biodiversity conservation in Mantiqueira Corridor, studies on the flora have been initiated by the Botanic Department of Federal University of Juiz Fora on 2003. At Serra Negra, an important family is Solanaceae, represented by 26 species and 8 genera: Athenaea (1sp.), Aureliana (1sp.), Brugmansia (1sp.), Cestrum (1 sp.), Dyssochroma (1 sp.), Nicotiana (1 sp.), Physalis (1 sp.) e Solanum (19 spp.). In the first chapter of this study, the taxonomic treatment of the family is presented, including identification key, morphologic description, illustrations and comments about ecology, taxonomy and geographic distribution. In the second chapter, the floristic similarity between Solanaceae flora of Serra Negra and other field and forest formation in the states of Bahia, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo is analyzed. It is also presented the relationships between geographic distances and floristic similarity. The species of Solanaceae in Serra Negra are mostly present in forest areas and rock outcrops, and less in antropized environments. The Solanaceae flora in Serra Negra is more similar to dense rain forest of Ibitipoca State Park, Minas Gerais; Fontes do Ipiranga State Park, São Paulo and Macaé de Cima Ecological Reserve, Rio de Janeiro. The similarities with northern rock outcrops of Cadeia do Espinhaço, Minas Gerais; Chapada Diamantina, Bahia and seasonal semideciduous forest of Minas Gerais and São Paulo were very low. The floristic similarity did not decrease with geographic distance. Other factor, as dispersion, or abiotic factor, can affect the distribution of Solanaceae species.