A perspectiva discente sobre a formação profissional em Letras/UFJF – construindo um diálogo interteórico a partir da análise semântica do discurso

Abstract

This study discusses the professional education in the area of Languages and Literature (FALE – UFJF), especially regarding the Portuguese licentiate degree. We investigate the perspective established by the undergraduates’ speeches about their own education. We propose a semantic and socio-cognitive analysis of the students’ experience narratives, taken as the main analytical categories (i) the concept of frame as defined by the Frame Semantics (FILLMORE, 1977, 1979, 1982, 1985; PETRUCK, 1996) and by its lexicographic project FrameNet (<framenet.icsi.berkeley.edu>) and (ii) the definition of frequency according to the linguistic usage architecture defined by the Usage-Based Models (GOLDBERG, 1995; LAKOFF, 1987; TOMASELLO, 2003; SALOMÃO, 2002, 2009b; CROFT e CRUSE, 2004, MIRANDA, 2008). The recognition of the hybrid and complex character of our inquire makes the scientific spaces surpass the disciplinary boundaries of Linguistics, leading to the assumption of an inter-theoretical dialogue among different areas (CAMPOS, 2007; GIERE, 2006). Therefore, the students’ voices are compared to different discursive orders found both in narratives about contemporary society and education (BAUMAN, 2007, 2005, 1999, 1998, 1992; BERMAN, 2001; APPLE, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2006; BEECH, 2009; FRIGOTTO e CIAVATTA, 2003; CHAUÍ, 1999, 1997; CUNHA, 2003, 2004) as well as in the new Languages and Literature major curricular proposal. Another goal of our investigation is the theoretical-methodological ambition of deepening a proposal of discourse analysis linked to the frame category that could be a base for the comprehension of not only educational social experiences, but also of experiences of other kinds (MIRANDA; 2013, MIRANDA e BERNARDO, 2013; MIRANDA e LIMA, 2013). The corpus of our research consists of purposive samples, formed by 149 narratives (26,5% of a total of 567 students) of experience collected from 2011 to 2013 at the Language and Literature School of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora. The results present the frame Superior_Professional_Education in a hierarchical relationship with three subframes that profile its temporal structure: Pregressive_History, Course_Experiences and Future_Perspective. The subframes are made by other frames that form a big net, which outlines the process of education on the perspective established by the subjects who have participated of the research. Experiences of all kinds (emotions, living experiences and assessments) indicated by this net of frames allow the interdisciplinary hermeneutical exercise that brings up strong indicators of (i) the main reasons (love, passion, fascination with the world of languages/of words and arts) that make these students choose the Languages and Literature major; (ii) the little emphasis on occupations, especially teaching, in this choice; and (iii) the significant distance from teaching during and at the end of their academic education. By comparing these students’ voices with the curricular proposals of the Languages and Literature major, it is revealed the hegemonic vocation of the major for educating classical theoreticians and scholars, but not teachers. Moreover, it can be perceived a significant distance from the current speech found in the curricular document and the academic practice, as seen from the students’ perspective.