Cecropia pachystachya Trécul como adjuvante no tratamento do diabetes melito

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus comprises a series of metabolic changes that lead to a chronic state of hyperglycemia. Seeking new alternatives for their treatment, many species of plants known in folk medicine for hypoglycemic properties have been evaluated. Among these species is Cecropia pachystachya Trécul (Urticaceae), a plant native to Brazil, whose common names are embaúba, imbaíba, umbaúba, tree-of-laziness, barbeira, Torem. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the potential hypoglycemic, antioxidant and toxicology of Cecropia leaves pachystachya. Initially were prepared two extracts from the leaves of this species, methanol (EM) and ethyl acetate (EAE). Both extracts were subjected to quantitative analysis of molecula markers and subsequently evaluated the hypoglycemic effect of each. EAE was incorporated into a liquid pharmaceutical formulation (FF). MS, EAE and FF were used for the treatment of normal Wistar rats and streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The evolution of these treatments was evaluated through monthly measurements of fasting glucose, and body weight monitoring and water and feed consumption. After six months, the animals were euthanized and blood samples and organs were collected for biochemical, antioxidant and histopathological analysis. We also assessed the effects of FF after discontinuation of treatment and the effect of pretreatment with inducing FF in rats with streptozocin. Analysis of the chromatographic profile of MS and EAE showed the presence of three molecular markers, chlorogenic, orientin and isoorientina acid. The quantitative analysis showed higher levels of flavonoids orientin isoorientina and in EAE. Standardized extracts were administered to diabetic rats over six months, showing significant reductions for both MS (56%) and against EAE (69%). However, EAE had a significant reduction of blood glucose in the first month of treatment, and provide relevant results in all evaluated parameters antioxidants. Chronic treatment with FF was reduced by approximately 70% of fasting glucose at the end of six months from the initial blood glucose of those animals. After discontinuation of treatment, the glycemia of diabetic animals were maintained at normal levels. In addition, pretreatment of mice with normal FF provided protection for pancreatic B-cells in diabetes induced using streptozotocin. The results show that FF developed from Cecropia pachystachya species can be indicated in a herbal preparation to aid in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.