Determinantes sociais dos feminicidios no Peru e no Brasil 2009 – 2014

Abstract

Introduction: femicides are murders sustained in the power relation, inequality and women`s subordination. These are the last step of women`s violence, which during o period 2010 – 2014 victimized more than 15.877 lives (Peru – Brazil), leaving children in orphan status and many still free murderers in society. Studies on this issue are of vital importance because according to statistics one woman is killed every hour and a half in Brazil and twenty seconds a woman is raped in Peru. Were initially enacted laws against gender violence or domestic, meanwhile, women continued to be killed as a result of violence in most times by their partners or former partners, which resulted, years later in laws against femicide. Seeking protection for the woman who contributed to the possibility of equal social opportunities, thus fighting against gender inequality through the application of public policies that contributed over time to the eradication of feminicides Objectives: Analyze the social determinants that are part of the index of gender inequality associated with the occurrence of femicide in Peru and Brazil and build the standardized rates of femicide in Peru and Brazil. Metodology: ecological and descriptive study, using secondary data whose target population was all Peruvians women and all Brazilian women above 15 years old. A multivariate analysis was made using a Pearson's linear correlation coefficient and the significance of association between the rate of femicide and indicators that are part of the GDI (in the case of Peru) and municipality’s female deaths with more than 50.000 inhabitants and GDI indicators (in the case of Brazil). Results: The standardized rates of Peruvian’s feminicides were constructed, like with the standardized rates of Brazilian’s women deaths for aggression. It was not found any association between indicators of IDG and femicide in Peru. In the case of Brazil, the percentage of seats occupied by the female sex in the municipal parliament during the three last elections was the unique indicator of IDG that was not significant. Conclusions: From the results we can conclude that the social determinants that are part of the GDI are not shown to be associated with the occurrence of the feminicides in Peru, being able to formulate the hóstesis of a possible underestimation of data does not allow to determine the existence of the association to the occurrence of femicide. However, in the case of Brazil, the level of education is inversely proportional to the occurrence of the death of women due to aggression, observing that the higher the level of education of women, the incidence of women's deaths due to aggression decreases.