Efeitos da carga de treinamento sobre variáveis bioquímicas, psicológica, fisiológica e hematológica durante uma pré temporada no futebol profissional

Abstract

Introduction: The soccer game demands from players a great physical capacity. Thus, it is necessary the regular and controlled involvement in training process to improve their physical condition. The stress generated by the training load of each session may cause positive and negative changes on physiological, psychological, biochemical and hematological responses. These responses can provide the improvement of athletes’ performance or its decrement, when overreaching or overtraining can occur. Therefore, a better understanding of physiological, psychological, biochemical and hematological responses and the use of them in training control would have a great value in soccer. Objective: To verify the effects of training load on physiological, psychological, biochemical and hematological variables during a pre season in professional soccer. Methods: Eight professional soccer players (22,1 ± 2,2 years, 9,37 ± 1,19 % body fat and anaerobic threshold velocity - 13,53 ± 0,79 Km/h) were monitored during 21 days during a pre season and were submitted to four evaluations (T1, T2, T3 and T4). The following procedures were carried out: blood sample collection to analyze of hemoglobin concentration (Hgb), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehidrogenase (LDH), application of POMS questionnaire (fatigue and vigor) and the measurement of resting RR intervals to analyze the heart rate variability (HRV) in time and frequency domain. Training load of each session was quantified by modified TRIMP. Results: CK significantly increased (p<0,05) in T2 and T3 in relation to T1, following the training load behavior. The other variables did not present significant differences (p>0,05) in any of the evaluations and significant correlations among the variables were not observed. Conclusion: It seems that CK is a more sensitive variable to training load compared to other variables, so its use in training monitoring would be more reliable. HRV values in frequency domain a trend to respond training load changes what deserves attention for future studies that are necessary to confirm these results.