Presente ou pré-sença: a enfermagem significando o acompanhante da pessoa hospitalizada por doença oncológica

Abstract

The cancer is considered a public health problem due to the high occurrence either in developed or in underdeveloped countries. The assistance to the sick person in advanced stage involves the integrated performance between the health and nursing teams with the patient and the person who accompanies him. This research aimed to answer the leading question: How does the nursing team mean the sense of the companion? It was aimed to reveal the senses of the nursing team about the companion of hospitalized person because of an oncological disease. There were so denominated, the family or meaningful people linked affectively to sick people who accompany his moving in the illness process. The research of a qualitative nature was guided by the phenomenology, supported by the theoretical-methodological and philosophical thought of Martin Heidegger. There were twelve professional participants, six nurses and six nursing technicians, interviewed in a meeting mediated by the empathy and reduction of suppositions, held between July and November of 2014. The vague and median comprehension favored the common thread preparation of analysis. The hermeneutics opened possibilities for the interpretative comprehension of being-a-nursing-professional that has proved immersed in the everyday life of acting in the impersonality, impropriety and inauthenticity. It is incomprehensible as being-with-the-companion in the practical daily life, since it shows itself in the way of chat, ambiguity, decadence and occupation. It shows that the companion gives affective support, is attentive and caring, but he can also disturb the treatment when he demonstrates desperation and anxiety in view of the clinical situation, have inappropriate attitude and may not understand the service priorities. It is desirable that the co-participation and dialogue, besides the impositions, rules and tasks determinations, also involve this person in the assistance and therapeutics process, so that it will not feel that he is taking care for obligation or team imposition. When this relationship happens in a healthy way, with mutual exchanges, the atmosphere becomes benefic to the inclusion and development in the assistance process and the person that has an oncologic disease can feel more secure when realizing that he receives the necessary support.