Trajetória das políticas públicas de educação infantil no município de Juiz de Fora no período de 1996 a 2013

Abstract

It has been object of this academic work the public policies for Early Childhood Education in Juiz de Fora County from 1996 to 2013. In these eighteen years, educational policies have been developed, both nationally and locally, in order to provide conditions needed to 0-5 year-old children for the first stage of Basic Education, as it is required by the federal legislation. In this sense, I have tried to understand how the Juiz de Fora County organized itself to elaborate and implement municipal public policies in favor to the early Childhood Education after 1996. Therefore, the methodological choice was the approach called Cycle Policy, formulated by the British sociologist Stephen Ball and by his employees (Bowe, Ball and Gold, 1992; Ball, 1994), consisting of investigating the processes by which educational policies are formed, implemented and experienced. It was carried out analysis of available documents, semi-structured interviews with subjects protagonists of public policy; and reading of the news from local newspapers. We have used in this thesis, the study on Early Childhood Education, public policy, collaborative arrangements, education funding, founded on the following authors: Jamil CuryMarcelino Pinto, Sonia Kramer, Maria Malta Campos,MoisesKuhlmannJr,FulviaRosemberg, Fernando Abrucio,Zilma Oliveira, among others. It was possible to realize that the actions of the municipal government focused on drafting laws regulating the Early Childhood Education at Juiz de Fora municipality;on the institution of training policies and on the elaboration of curriculum proposal. Other demands such as expanding the number of places and the construction of new buildings are conditioned also by the funding, which becomes a complication when the resources used for this educational stage are insufficient. They are actions that require financial and political decisions that go beyond the limits of action municipal. I have noticed the fragility of public policy when I have explained the relationship of SE-JF with the Community Kindergartens, before situated in the field of assistance. We have perceived that the present conceptions from 1996 in municipal legislation were based on EI as a right of the small child and a municipal responsibility. The spaces designed to meet the needs of children, the training events and the increased public investment in Early Childhood Education, highlighting the centrality of the process in children. It is inferred that this process of organizing a public offering is forming a new mentality on the education of young children and on the propositional and director role of the government.