Universo das letras: os desdobramentos da Reforma Pombalina da educação em Minas Gerais Colonial

Abstract

The education throughout the Portuguese Empire went through a major change during the eighteenth century. The winds Enlightenment not stopped blowing on the Iberian land and inspired changes in various aspects of the Portuguese government, education was one of them. The great figure of this movement was the minister of King Joseph I, the Marquis of Pombal, which carried out the changes planned. Starting with reform of secondary education, begun in 1759 and completed in 1772, with the reform of elementary education. It was one of the first attempts to organize a system of elementary education across Europe. The measures were intended to: create a national system of public instruction, with a network of schools covering the entire Kingdom; establish a tax to finance education, making it free, covert the master into state officials, appointed and directed by the central power; structure have all school administered by the state. However, the distance between the plans and delivering them was a great. When such a system is now deployed in the most distant regions of the empire, as in Minas Gerais, he shapes according to local circumstances. Local authorities took over authority of the expected, but were critical to the lessons that could be opened. These, far from being a school network, were insufficient and an irregular manner inoperative. The allowance for Literary not served its purpose first, it does not cost the education and therefore not pain the salary of royal teachers. Thus those who want to instruction and educate those who wished they needed to take different strategies to achieve this goal, even using the royal classes.