Relação entre condição periodontal e atividade de doença do lúpus eritematoso sistêmico

Abstract

Because systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and periodontal disease share some pathogenetic similarities, a relationship between the two diseases might exist. This work aims to investigate a relationship between periodontal status and SLE disease activity. Fifteen SLE patients from the University Hospital of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil, had their disease activity index (SLEDAI), serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and periodontal status determined. Seven were diagnosed with periodontitis and six of whom underwent non-surgical periodontal treatment. SLEDAI scores ranged from zero to 11, and CRP levels ranged from 0.6mg/l to 11.2mg/l. The mean frequencies of periodontal sites with bleeding on probing and visible bacterial plaque were 8.79% (SD ± 7.48) and 22.70% (SD ± 26.32), respectively. The mean frequencies of periodontal sites with probing depths below 4mm, between 4 and 6mm and above 6mm were 94.40% (SD ± 10.87), 5.22% (SD ± 10.07) and 0.38% (SD ± 0.92), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences regarding the mean SLEDAI scores and serum CRP levels when those with periodontitis were compared with those without the periodontal disease. All assessed periodontal parameters improved after periodontal treatment. Mean SLEDAI scores and serum CRP levels before and after periodontal treatment did not show statistically significant differences. There were correlations between the variables analyzed, albeit not statistically significant. Although not statistically significant, data from this study suggest a correlation between periodontal status and SLE disease activity.