Michel Foucault: a trajetória de um pensamento crítico sobre a formação e o governo dos sujeitos

Abstract

This paper's aim is to analyze Michel Foucault's thought regarding the constitution and the control of the subjects, taking into account that there is a connection among these two forms of individual's understanding. Through different approaches and the assessment in different times and social spaces, Foucault creates a path of criticism about the modern world's rationality, revealing the sets of power and knowledge that constitute subjectivities and the changes as well as ways of control over the subject's bodies and minds. Within this, our analysis develops in three movements. Firstly, from the arqueology of knowledge, it will be assessed the works that comprise all the criticism about positivism related to insanity, to the doctor's knowledge and the criticism about the human transcendentalism. Secondly, through the genealogy of power, this paper will assess the constitution of modern subject and the practices of discipline and control over the bodies and minds of each individual and the population. At the core of this assessment, lays the life's control by the power claims. This paper will also reflects about the extension of current biopower, biopolitics and the governmentality as technologies of formation and control of these subject's behavior. Finally, taking into account the regimes of truths, there are the notions of the existence stylistic and the ways of applicable resistance and freedom as a lateral path to the comprehension of the formation and control of the subjects through a subject's ethic that relocate life as a political act.