Prevalência de disfunção erétil em pacientes portadores de doença renal crônica sob tratamento conservador

Abstract

Introduction: The chronic kidney disease (CKD) consists of a clinical syndrome consequential to a wide variety of illness wich, in direct or indirect ways, provokes imbalance of basics kidney’s functions. Frequently associated to many comorbidities , the CKD has as its major cause of mortality the cardiovascular illness. Furthermore, the aterosclerosis is normaly present in the majority of patients with functional kidney failure. Sexual dysfunction is a higly prevalent complication among these patients, and takes the erectile dysfunction (ED) as its main cause of falling quality of life, sharing the same course with the aterosclerotic process. Objective: The main goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of erectile dysfunction among patients with chronic kidney disease (phases III, IV and V) in conservative treatment , correlate it to cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors and analyze the CKD as a possible independent risk factor to ED or whether it correlates with the kind of comorbidity established. Methods: Eighty one patients, ranging from 21 to 84 years (mean 61.7 +/- 11.6 years), were randomly analyzed and followed-up through the ambulatory service of PrevenRim from IMEPEN Foundation with application of the questionnaire “Sexual Health Inventory for Men – SHIM (IIEF/5)” for clinical diagnosis of erectile dysfunction, after all patients gave informed consent. Statistical analysis were exploratory and descriptive; bivariate were done using the Chi-Square test and logistic regression was used to characterize the relative weight of different variables. Level of significance adopted was lesser or equal to 0,05 (p < 0,05). Results: Our data points towards a prevalence of 76.5% of erectile dysfunction among this group of patients, increasing with the age of these individuals and the phase of the disease, without reaching, however, a value for statistical significance. The presence of Diabetes mellitus (DM), whether being the cause or an associated comorbidity, was considered to be a risk factor for ED, with a substantial statistical meaning. Moreover, the time of knowing condition to be a carrier of CKD was, in this research, considered to be a risk factor for ED, when the patient has a short period of this knowledge, with statistical significance. Conclusions: The present study was able to demonstrate that the ED didn’t show any statistical relation with the major part of the comorbidities stablished, wich were considered to be of great importance in cardiovascular risk, except for DM. Also, we observed that the time of knowing condition to be a carrier of CKD, maybe for clinical-metabolic and inflamatory reasons in common among these patients, interfered in the prevalence of the ED in this group. However, considering the achievements of this research, none can be said about CKD being an independent risk factor for ED.