Reconhecimento de pessoas por prova em vídeo: falibilidades e implicações a partir de um estudo de caso

Abstract

Based on research on the impact of video evidence in criminal proceedings and the latest legal interpretations regarding suspect identification, this study aims to examine, through the analysis of a concrete case, to what extent the use of audiovisual recordings as evidence for identifying the perpetrator contributed to the formation of a conviction and, subsequently, to its reversal into an acquittal decision. To this end, a literature review is conducted on video evidence, the psychology of testimony, and the legal criteria for suspect identification to examine the fallibilities and implications inherent in recognizing individuals through audiovisual recordings. Furthermore, this study investigates whether this type of evidence, in the analyzed case, met the evidentiary standard required for issuing a conviction. The case study will be explored from the early stages of the investigation, beginning with photographic identification, followed by image-based recognition, through the preparation of forensic comparison reports, up to the conviction and the subsequent overturning of the decision by the acquittal ruling. Therefore, the study will highlight the factors influencing the interpretation and evaluation of this type of evidence in criminal proceedings, particularly in suspect identification.