Avaliação da visibilidade radiográfica do ligamento periodontal de terceiros molares inferiores para estimativa de idade em indivíduos vivos: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

This study aims to review the existing literature on the radiographic visibility of the periodontal ligament of the lower third molars and its application in age estimation in living individuals, with an emphasis on determining legal adulthood (18 years). The relevance of the method proposed by Olze et al. (2010a) is highlighted, analyzing its contributions and limitations in the context of Forensic Dentistry. A literature review was conducted in major databases using specific descriptors and inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review results indicate that the radiographic visibility of the periodontal ligament (RVPL) of the lower third molars can be an effective tool for age estimation, particularly in determining whether an individual is over 18 years old. Studies conducted in different populations have shown that the method is reliable, provided that factors such as population variability and the need for specialized training for proper application are considered. Thus, it can be stated that although the method by Olze et al. (2010a) is promising, its application should be adapted to the specific characteristics of each population to ensure maximum effectiveness and reliability. In Brazil, further studies are still needed to validate the method.