Abordagem medicamentosa no tratamento da osteorradionecrose: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a complication of radiotherapy affecting patients treated for head and neck cancer, characterized by persistent bone necrosis without evidence of tumor recurrence. Its management may involve surgical and non-surgical approaches, with PENTO (pentoxifylline and tocopherol) and PENTOCLO (pentoxifylline, tocopherol, and clodronate) being promising therapeutic alternatives. This narrative literature review analyzed studies published between 2005 and 2023 on the use of these medications in ORN treatment. Results suggest that PENTO and PENTOCLO promote significant clinical improvement, especially in early-stage cases, potentially avoiding invasive surgical interventions. Factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption negatively influence treatment response. Additionally, the liquid formulation of PENTO may be useful for patients with post-radiotherapy dysphagia, despite potential gastrointestinal side effects. It is concluded that drug therapy represents an effective and accessible option, but more robust clinical studies are needed to standardize doses and treatment duration.