Ligas memória de forma para reforço de elementos estruturais de concreto: revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

Modern civil engineering demands structural solutions that go beyond basic functionality and load-bearing capacity. The development of lighter structures with large spans and high adaptability, as well as the need for reinforcement and maintenance of existing buildings, drives the search for innovative materials. In this context, Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) emerge as a promising alternative, as they exhibit unique properties such as superelasticity and shape reversibility, allowing their application in the reinforcement of structural members. The objective of this study is to explore the knowledge regarding the use of SMAs in concrete structures, covering everything from the definition of the material to its known applications in civil engineering. This work discusses their main characteristics, the mechanisms enabling structural reinforcement, and the scenarios in which their application proves viable, such as structural reinforcement, fire situations, and prestressing. Despite the great potential of SMAs to improve structural performance and reduce damage under extreme conditions, their application still faces significant challenges. Research in the field of resilient structures using these materials remains limited, and the high costs and complexity of manufacturing these alloys restrict their widespread adoption.