“A história ao vivo enquanto a notícia acontece”: as fases e a anatomia narrativa da grande cobertura (tele)jornalística na GloboNews

Abstract

The research presents an analysis of television journalism on all-news channels, focusing on GloboNews, the main Brazilian news channel, investigating the structure and transformations of major television news coverage over more than 20 years. The thesis starts from the understanding of television as a space of reference and security, highlighting the influence of television journalism in the construction of narratives that connect past, present and future, in response to technological, social and cultural changes. This context is analyzed through concepts such as mediatization, bios midiático, dramaturgy in television journalism and narrative anatomies. The study is inserted in a scenario of transformation of television consumption, where the classic model of all-news channels indicates a transition to the convergent and expanded paradigm that we call “all news everywhere”. The research problem situations focus on the definition of the narrative anatomies of major coverage, considering the styles, structure and technical resources used over time. We also investigated the transformations and continuities in major coverage, proposing that narrative serialization — the use of elements such as flashbacks, flashforwards, and cold opens — is a key resource for engaging the audience in the midst of the new environment. The methodology used combines Análise Televisual Convergente (ATC), in the structuring of five historical phases of GloboNews major coverage, and Análise Televisual (AT) used to delve deeper into some coverage. Three emblematic events were analyzed: the coverage of the crash of the TAM Fokker 100 plane in São Paulo (1996), the September 11 attacks (2001) in the United States, and the collapse of the Vale dam in Brumadinho (2019). The study observed a significant change in television news practices, with the adoption of technologies such as drones and mobile transmission (from 4G/5G), which increased the mobility and agility of coverage. The results indicate that, despite the changes, major coverage remains a reference space for the public. Serialized narratives have proven effective in organizing continuous information flow and retaining audiences. Furthermore, the study highlights the impact of digital technologies on the convergence between television and other platforms, consolidating a ubiquitously accessible model of television journalism. The study also proposes that major coverage transcends the immediate, contributing to the construction of a collective memory and historical record of events. The study provides theoretical and methodological support for future analyses of television journalism in a context of permanent digitalization and mediatization.