Prevalência global de dor lombar em pacientes em hemodiálise: revisão sistemática e metanálise

Abstract

Pain is the major symptom of hemodialysis patients and affects about half of them, but low back pain has been the subject of few studies in these peoples. Objective: Systematically review the available evidence on the prevalence of low back pain in hemodialysis patients. Methods: Searches for primary studies from the earliest record to July/2023 were conducted in CINAHL, Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE/PubMed, and SciELO databases. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts of original studies retrieved from the searches and disagreements were resolved by consensus. Methods were based on recommendations from the Joanna Briggs Institute – Manual for Systematic Reviews of Prevalence and Incidence, the MOOSE Group – Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology, the Cochrane Collaboration – Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, and reported as the PRISMA checklist – Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The quality of evidence for prevalence estimates was rated using the GRADE system (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation). Results: The included articles were published between 1982 and 2023, and they provided data of 2,713 patients from 12 different countries. Prevalence of low back pain was 30.2%. Prevalence of sex-specific LBP was 29.6% in females and 36.6% in males. Prevalence of duration-specific LBP was 13.2% for acute and 30.7% for chronic. A prevalência de dor lombar em relação a todas as queixas de dor foi de 39.6%. Conclusion: This review evidenced that LBP appears to be an important pain complaint in hemodialysis patients. The prevalence estimates of LBP in this population are high and very often has a chronic course. Nephrologists must pay attention to the symptoms of back pain of their patients undergoing hemodialysis and intervene to prevent these symptoms from progressing into a disabling condition.