Caracterização e proposta de recuperação de área de aterro controlado desativado no município de Descoberto-MG

Abstract

The present study aims to develop a conceptual project for a Degraded Area Recovery Plan (PRAD) for a deactivated controlled landfill site with irregular waste disposal in the municipality of Descoberto, MG. With population growth and consequently increased generation of Urban Solid Waste, inadequate disposal of this waste presents significant impacts on the environment and public health. The methodology used for developing this project was conceived through the assessment of the impacts caused by the deactivated controlled landfill; a literature review of applicable legislation; an on-site visit to verify the current situation of the area of interest, data collection, and alignment of ideas and needs with the municipal government; characterization of the area covering its location, history, and survey of physical, biotic, and anthropic aspects; information provided by the Descoberto City Hall, such as documents related to the site, analyses of surface and groundwater, and topographic surveys conducted for the Licensing of Transfer and Sorting and Composting Plant. Given the area's characterization, conducted according to the criteria that compose a PRAD and considering the "Technical Handbook for Rehabilitation of Degraded Areas by Urban Solid Waste" provided by the Fundação Estadual do Meio Ambiente (FEAM), the Simple Recovery Method was chosen, as the site meets the established requirements and is a mechanism with low execution complexity. The importance of monitoring the recovery proposals is highlighted, which consist of the isolation and identification of the area, area cleaning, land reconfiguration, and waste encapsulation, drainage systems for rainwater and gases, and the implementation of vegetative cover. Furthermore, suggestions for future use of the area are also addressed, considering the needs presented by the City Hall of Descoberto, emphasizing the importance of specific projects to implement these recommendations. Additionally, the city hall has a structure for the proper management of waste that must be optimized and maintained, given that the municipality of Descoberto (MG) demonstrates concern for solid waste management and the recovery of the deactivated controlled landfill.