Juventude na encruzilhada: habitus e política na educação superior privada

Abstract

Thisresearch aimsto analyze possible patterns of authoritarianism among the youth that ascends to private Higher Education due to social politics, implemented, specially, in the first phase of left-wing governments (2003-2016). This idea has been developed as a result of a decade of work as professor at the University Center of Estacio Juiz de Fora, where we accompany the emergence of authoritarianism and conservatism’s signs. In order to answer the main question regarding the existence – or not – of authoritarianism behavior, we studied the relation between the authoritarianism, conservatism and progressivism views with class membership and/or fractions of class membership. Taking into account this perspective, we tried to verify the existence of models of authoritarianism, conservatism and progressivism, their possible dimensions (such as economic, moral etc) and whether or not these students took authoritarian positions regarding social politics, having the State asreference. To respond these set of questions, we analyze the construction and development of private Higher Education and its monopolized configuration until Estacio Juiz de Fora’s formation. Our choice for genetic structuralism has taken us to criticize research lines opposed to our methodological and epistemological approach (such as institutionalism, postmodernism and foucaltism). Using binary tables, Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) and Hierarchical Correspondence Analysis (HCA), we position, sociologically, the students in the social structure, emphasizing their economic and intellectual capitals, social practices and, above all, the social mediations. Doing so, we manage to stablish a correspondence between the students ’social position and their political perceptions, apprehending the constitutive processesthat established the different world vision of the different groups, expressed in different axes of the MCA. Going through this approach, we outlined few semantic fields that operate as meaning-giving matrixes and, as such, nucleating the disposition and appreciation students’ system, their habitus. The outcome, or rather, the students’ conceptions were, in turn, historically articulate with previous sociological findings, in an attempt to apprehend the dynamics of the social processes taken into account.