Diagnóstico ambiental com ênfase na ocorrência de escorregamentos na bacia hidrográfica do Córrego Tapera, Juiz de Fora - MG

Abstract

In Brazil, research associated with landsliding processes in urban areas have grown significantly due to the high number of occurrences that bring huge economic losses, and often lead to the loss of many lives. In the city of Juiz de Fora, especially in Basin Stream Tapera, the significant growth in the number of landslide occurrences is related to the physical and environmental characteristics and the illegal occupation of the slopes. For the diagnosis and prognosis of this type of numerous methodologies pro-cess have been proposed in the world and in this study the methodology used was the environmental analysis by GIS adopted and developed as XAVIER DA SILVA and CARVALHO FILHO (1993) and XAVIER DA SILVA (2001) that the occurrences of such problems impact to the environment are common within the basic dimensions of the physical world therefore have spatial dimension and a dynamic process occurring in function of time. Based on time-series information from the records of the occurrences of these environmental phenomena, one can learn the behavior of its evolution and prepare forecasts of likely future occurrences. It is noteworthy that numerous works for private institutions, public and hundreds of dissertations and theses have been pre-pared and completed successfully using the methodology described above. From this, the main objective of this study was perform and analyze an environmental diagnosis with emphasis on the occurrence of landslides in Watershed Stream Tapera. This re-quired, in more specific character, create a cartographic database of the study area; analyze the environmental inventory generated; analyze the areas of occurrence of landslides, analyze the predictive model generated by SAGA-UFRJ; detect and ana-lyze risk areas the occurrence of landslides. Finally, it is expected that this study can get to know the location of areas with different levels of risk to slip and thus determine the potential danger to people, whether in the occupied areas or those where there is still no human occupation, so that can steer strategic measures for future occupations.