Crença de auto eficácia e ansiedade em atletas de voleibol

Abstract

This thesis aimed a psychological characterization of volleyball athletes with regard to self-efficacy and pre-competitive anxiety over a competitive season. In addition, we tested the theory of individual zone of optimal performance (IZOF) for these variables in multidimensional perspective, in order to establish an ideal profile that optimizes performance for each athlete. The study included 32 male athletes participants of a high-performance volleyball team at two distinct levels: 14 are professionals who competed in the first national Division Mode (Super League) and 18 belong to the category of children and adolescents based on the same team. The Self-efficacy Individual Scale for Volleyball and Competitive Sport Anxiety Inventory (reduced version) were answered by the athletes before all the matches played by the teams in the season 2014/2015. At the end of each game, the performance of professional athletes was obtained by the Data Volley program, assigned by the coaching staff. For all data analysis, we used the SPSS software version 20.0, adopting the significance level of 5%. Through the main results, we can conclude that the volleyball players showed, overall, a profile of low levels of cognitive and somatic anxiety and high levels of self-confidence and self-efficacy. However, different championships can influence these levels. In addition, somatic anxiety scores deserve the attention of professionals involved with the juvenile team because it was the only variable that showed higher values in matches in which the team was defeated, showing therefore be a relationship with the performance to this sample. In addition, each volleyball position presented a self-efficacy and anxiety profile, noting that the lifters had the lowest levels of self-confidence, which can be bad for his performance. Low levels of cognitive and somatic anxiety were related to the triumph of professional staff, and only the cognitive anxiety was influenced by the location of the match, resulting in lower levels when the games took place at home. The self-efficacy, self-confidence and somatic anxiety were the variables influenced by the level of opponents. The main novelty brought by this research is the application of IZOF theory to professional volleyball players in the multidimensional perspective of anxiety and the possibility of extending the theory to the construct of self-efficacy to trying to predict the performance of volleyball athletes from this variable. These results facilitates the work of sports psychologists, since the establishment of the great areas of individual performance indicates, objectively, what or which variables require a specific treatment to increase an athlete's ability to regulate their emotions.