A alveolite e sua relação com alterações hormonais e o uso de anticoncepcionais orais

Abstract

Alveolitis is one of the most common complications following dental extractions. It is a painful condition that manifests between the third and fourth day. Its etiology is not fully defined yet, but some risk factors may be associated. The incidence is higher in female patients who use oral contraceptives. During the menstrual cycle, there is a modification in fibrinolytic action, related to fluctuations in the concentration of estrogen present in the composition of contraceptive pills. The objective of this study was to review the literature on the relationship between alveolitis and the use of contraceptive pills by women. A search for articles in the English language was conducted using the Pubmed, Scopus, and SciELO databases from 1995 to 2023. Scientific articles included clinical studies, literature reviews, and systematic reviews. Women who undergo tooth extractions during the 23rd to 28th day of the menstrual cycle have a lower likelihood of developing alveolitis, as there is a lower concentration of estrogen and consequently, a decrease in fibrinolytic activity. There are numerous treatment options for alveolitis, usually directed towards palliative care. However, there is still no consensus on the best way to prevent and treat this condition. Thus, further studies are necessary to obtain more information on the relationship between alveolitis and hormonal changes, as well as its most appropriate treatment.