Análise comparativa entre tecnologias empregadas no mapeamento de danos em empreendimentos da construção civil

Abstract

Technological innovation is the hallmark of the 21st century. The pursuit of better results, affordable budgets, worker safety, technical qualifications, along with time savings, ensures the success and evolution of companies. In civil engineering, it is not different. It is essential to stay aware of new available resources to avoid falling behind in the job market. Therefore, this paper presents a comparative analysis of technologies in the current civil engineering landscape, particularly for damage mapping of projects. This aims to assist professionals in choosing the best method to carry out their work and ensure maintenance services for constructions. These tools offer many advantages and can sometimes be used in combination. Some of the main resource options are: Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), digital photogrammetry, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies, and artificial intelligence (AI). Given the above, the primary objective of this work is to conduct a comparative analysis of the efficiency, quality of results, and technical specification requirements for users among the various technologies employed in building damage mapping. For this purpose, a literature review on new technologies for damage mapping in buildings is conducted, identifying the main analysis indicators, which are: key characteristics (advantages and disadvantages), applicability, costs, and quality of the data obtained. Finally, it is concluded that for field information acquisition, the two standout technologies are laser scanning and unmanned aerial vehicles. For the analysis and study of how to address pathological manifestations, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies offer better results. It is worth noting that the latter three are continuously evolving, showing significant promise for the future.