Atividade antiproliferativa do extrato do ápice foliar de Baccharis dracunculifolia DC (Asteraceae)

Abstract

Cancer is a global health problem that continues to require constant innovation in therapeutic protocols. In this scenario, the search for new active ingredients that can improve therapeutic proposals is relevant. Plant species stand out due to their complex chemical composition, capable of providing the achievement of various pharmacological activities. In this sense, the genus Baccharis deserves to be highlighted. Baccharis dracunculifolia (Bd), known as rosemary, is considered the main botanical source of green propolis. Several plant sources have antiproliferative activity, which is a key element in the treatment of various types of cancer, especially skin cancer. In this sense, the present study characterized the extract of the leaf apex of Bd by CLUE-EM-QTOF, and 12 compounds were recorded, especially flavonoids and phenolic acids, among them coumaric acid, artepilin C, acacetin and caffeic acid. The artepilin C concentration was 1.18 μg/mL. The cytotoxicity of the extract against fibroblasts (L929), keratinocytes (HaCaT) and melanocytes (B16F10) was evaluated by the tetrazolium salt reduction method, whose extract concentrations ranged from 6.25 to 100 μg/mL. Only the highest concentrations were toxic to the cells, and the lowest concentration 6.25 μg/mL showed viability greater than 70% in all cells tested. The antiproliferative activity of the extract was evaluated by clonogenic assay using a concentration of 6.25 μg/mL against melanocytes (B16F10). The extract was active and reduced colony formation, keeping only 33.75% of viable cells.