Formação política das, para e pelas mulheres: o comitê de cidadania como lócus de igualdade e democracia

Abstract

Studies on the topic women and politics identify a panorama that sets the under-representation of women in the sphere of political power. Theme researchers point out issues that would be related to the current configuration of women's political participation. The legacy of the patriarchal model, building the political space as masculine, rejecting the women from this, and confining them to the private area. Gender inequalities and varied discrimination with respect to female and women are phenomena that still impact and shape the lives of women. In this perspective, the positions held by women are ideally constructed from gender relations that dictate what is accepted and what is rejected, according to male and female patterns stimulated or not. In this study, although women are not numerical minority in society, in the scope of this text, are considered as a social minority. For Joan Scott (2005), events that require that minorities are taken as such occur by assignment less status and devaluation of some qualities inherent in the minority group process, as if these qualities were the reason and also the rationalization of unequal treatment. Thus, the research to which this Master refers seeks to know the formative aspect of the Citizenship Committee of the city of Juiz de Fora, in the state of Minas Gerais. The hypothesis of the research is that the Committeementioned meets the privileged locus of political participation and training of, for and by women. This group corresponds to an observatory composed mainly by adult women, as retired teachers, who accompany actions and measures of the city council. Citizenship and Active Citizenship, Social Movements, Political Participation and Training are themes and concepts that were considered to meet the object. The gender category is highlighted in the research, without, however, silencing the prospects that have been suggested by field research, arising from consideration of class categories, race and generation. Field and bibliographic study was performed, consisting of bibliographic search in Scielo virtual library site in order to consider the following expressions as keywords: Women and Political Participation; Women and Politics; Women and Training Policy; Women and Citizenship. Regarding the search field, the methodology adopted included the observation of meetings of the Citizens' Committee; interviews with the participants in order to meet their individual and group trajectories, with respect to developments and impact of both existence as the actions of the Citizenship Committee. The field data and the bibliography were asked, initially, from the following guiding questions, both the interviews, as the texts analyzed in the chosen Bibliography: from their narratives, what is the influence of the School, the Church and the Family in the participation of women in the Citizenship Committee? How these institutions, in the opinion of the women interviewed and participants of the Committee,may have collaborated to form these women to participate in a group like the Citizenship Committee? How were these women occupying these spaces of struggle, even without personal projects of systematic political participation of women? How the possible participation of these women in schools, churches, social movements may have motivated the current participation in the Citizenship Committee? These issues were investigated and obtained as a result that the influences and experiences of women of Citizenship Committee with the school institutions, family and Church had and have to do with the political activities they perform.