Uso da Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas (PRF) em cirurgias de elevação do assoalho do seio maxilar: uma revisão discutida da literatura

Abstract

Several factors can influence the resorption of the alveolar process, such as parafunction, periodontal disease, trauma, orthodontic treatment, extractions and systemic changes. Commonly in situations where there is early tooth loss and scarce and damaged bone tissue due to pneumatization of the maxillary sinus, it is decided to lift the sinus membrane prior to implants. The following types of grafts can be used in these procedures: autogenous, alloplastic or heterogeneous. One of the main materials (or the gold standard) in this implant rehabilitation technique is the use of PRF (platelet-rich fibrin), which was developed at the beginning of this century in France by researcher Joseph Choukroun being the second generation of platelet aggregates. This work is a discussed review of the literature, with the purpose of evaluating the use of PRF in maxillary sinus lifting surgeries. To prepare this study, primary research sources were used. The literature review was carried out in two databases, the Lilacs Platform and Google Scholar, with the keywords: “Maxillary Sinus Survey” AND “PRF” OR “Platelet-Rich Fibrin” OR “Leukocyte and Platelet-Rich Fibrin” OR “L-PRF” OR “Bone Substitutes”. Twenty-one articles were found about this topic and the authors affirmed that the PRF, as it is a biomaterial of homogeneous origin, with osteoconductive and osteogenic functions, is a promising biomaterial for the rehabilitation of atretic maxillary sinuses. The protocol for obtaining PRF is simple and low-cost and studies claim to obtain similar results in surgeries for maxillary sinus lifts using PRF, compared to grafting performed with autogenous bone. However, the authors unanimously agree on the need for more studies on the subject.