Áreas verdes e espaço urbano: A Mata do Krambeck e a cidade de Juiz de Fora em Minas Gerais

Abstract

There are several consequences of the increasing human population and the growth of cities, but the transformation of natural landscapes and its ecological functions stands out. The devastation of native vegetation leaves fragments of tiny dimensions that prevents the development of native fauna and flora and generates alterations in the microclimate conditions. Considering the need to understand the processing of vegetated areas to valorize environmental conservation, the intention of this research is to identify the historical, urban and landscape processes in the Krambeck Forest, in the city of Juiz de Fora, state of Minas Gerais. This study has also as objective to evidence the importance of urban green areas andof conservation units, and to present some of the green spaces inserted in the urban fabric of Juiz de Fora. The object of the study is a forest in urban area of approximately 292 hectares, home to an Environmental Protection Area (EPA). The theoretical foundation was built from the scientific production about urban green areas, conservation units, urbanism, landscaping, and historical development of cities. Regarding to the procedures, it is a documentary and bibliographic research, following a historical and observational method in anun systematic way, drawing on the raised data and on the reflection about its consequences in the spatial dynamic of the city of Juiz de Fora. The chronological milestones and the questions linked to the Krambeck family were also described from semi structured interviews. The analysis of the area was performed using maps that cover the object of study and its surroundings, guided by an evaluation of relevant aspects. It was found that the Krambeck Forest has a strong impact on the urban fabric of the city for its permanence and importance, because the properties that formed the Forest set are remaining of the first farms that were installed in the region, because of its territorial representativity and because of the consequences that it generates in the urbanization of its surroundings and in the city as a whole. Finally, the importance of planning actions that contemplate the green area and the growth process of Juiz de Fora is noteworthy, aiming to valorize the nature preservation in urban environments.