Mapeamento colaborativo de ocorrências de alagamentos einundações em Juiz de Fora - MG: um estudo de caso sobre a baciahidrográfica do córrego Ipiranga

Abstract

Floods are natural processes that are influenced by a number of factors related to the riverbasin that encompasses the river network. Human occupation and its interventions in thesystem are included in this context. Especially when they occur in urban areas, floods cancause various material and immaterial damages to the population. The municipality of Juiz deFora is included in this framework, presenting occasions of great inconvenience that devastatethe community in face of frequent cases of flooding in the urban mesh in its territory. Despitethe implementation of mitigating actions, the occurrences persist. In this context, it isobserved that the population has been seeking the use of collaborative tools, such as socialnetwork applications, to expose the problems related to hydrological risks in the city. Throughthis opening, the present work proposed to understand how the collaborative mapping offloods and inundations can contribute to the management of these events in Juiz de Fora -MG. The application of a systematic bibliographic review on studies produced on floods inJuiz de Fora made it possible to perceive that there is room for future works to addressdifferent methodological approaches and spatial cuts in the city. The dissertation alsoproposed the implementation of an online collaborative tool that would enable the insertion ofinformation about occurrences of floods in the city. However, diffusion difficulties resulted ina low mobilization for contributions on the platform, raising the need to think of alternativeways to include the voice of the population in the research in question. Data mining on socialnetworks was the most fruitful option, with the survey of 760 related publications on thesubject in a collaborative journalism profile on Instagram. The information made it possible toinfer that the tributary micro-basins of the Paraibuna River, in the central area of the urbanperimeter of Juiz de Fora, presented expressive numbers of publications portraying floodingby drainage insufficiencies. For the same reason, the Dom Bosco stream basin also demandsspecial attention when it comes to flooding and runoff. With regard to flooding byoverflowing rivers, the most worrying situations according to the survey were the cases of thebasins of the Ipiranga, Humaitá and São Pedro streams. The crossing of this information withofficial data from the Civil Defense and CPRM highlighted that the Ipiranga stream basin hasoccurrences in places not mapped by the authorities, highlighting the importance ofcollaborative mapping. From this research it was possible to understand that, with the increaseof some aspects of electronic governance, collaborative mapping can help in the managementof these events in Juiz de Fora.