Localização de faltas de alta impedância monofásicas por minimização de erros em sistemas de distribuição

Abstract

High impedance faults have as their main characteristic a low fault current, which means that, in most cases, conventional protection systems are not sensitive. In recent years, high impedance faults have been the subject of works in the literature, and most of them define methods for detecting these faults. In addition to detection, locating faults is important so that the maintenance team can carry out repairs more quickly and reduce the number of consumers impacted by the interruption in the energy supply. For this reason, this work proposes a methodology for locating single-phase high impedance faults in distribution systems using synchronized RMS measurements by minimizing measurement errors. This minimization consists of solving a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem. The method is evaluated for unbalanced distribution systems, with load uncertainties and measurement errors. The proposed methodology presented good results when estimating the location of the fault, but it was verified that the precision of the results is linked to the errors added to the data. The IEEE 34-node test feeder and IEEE 123-node test feeder were used in the tests.